Scoliosis

Learn what scoliosis is and how to find relief

Understanding Scoliosis

Medically Reviewed

Scoliosis is a sideways curvature of the spine that usually develops during childhood or adolescence, but it can also be present or worsen in adulthood. Many people with scoliosis have mild curves and live normal, active lives without significant pain. When pain does occur, it’s often related to muscle imbalance, stiffness, or strain rather than the curve itself.

What Causes Scoliosis

Idiopathic scoliosis: The most common type, with no clear cause, often starts in adolescence.
Degenerative changes: Age-related degeneration of the spine can cause or exacerbate spinal curvature in adults.
Muscle imbalance: Uneven muscle strength or tension around the spine.
Neuromuscular conditions: Less common causes related to nerve or muscle disorders.

In adults, pain is more often related to muscle strain or joint stress than to the curve itself.

Common Symptoms of Scoliosis

Uneven shoulders or hips: One side of the body may sit higher than the other.
Back or muscle discomfort: Aching or fatigue, especially after standing or sitting for long periods.
Visible spinal curve: The spine may appear curved when bending forward.
Muscle tightness: Tight or overworked muscles on one side of the back.
Stiffness with movement: Reduced flexibility in the back or torso.

Many people with scoliosis have few or no symptoms, especially with mild curves.

What Can Relieve Scoliosis-Related Pain

Regular movement: Walking and gentle activity reduce stiffness and muscle fatigue.
Targeted exercise: Strengthening and stretching help balance muscles around the spine.
Posture awareness: Improving sitting and standing habits reduces uneven strain.
Heat therapy: Heat relaxes tight muscles and eases soreness.
Short-term pain relief: Over-the-counter options may help during flare-ups.

Most people benefit more from physical activity than from rest.